Cyber Risk Analytics and Security Frameworks for Safeguarding U.S. Digital Banking Infrastructure

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Abstract

This study explores the current landscape of information security policies and practices within the U.S. banking sector, while offering comparative insights from global banking systems. Using a qualitative approach and guided by PRISMA 2020 standards, the research involved a systematic review of 125 academic papers and 20 reports sourced from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The analysis reveals that U.S. banks face a wide array of cybersecurity threats, including phishing, ransomware, insider risks, and regulatory challenges. Nevertheless, robust security frameworks— anchored by legislation like the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and supported by partnerships with agencies such as CISA and FS-ISAC—have helped mitigate these risks by fostering trust, enhancing fraud detection through AI, and maintaining financial stability. Global comparisons highlight shared concerns over evolving threats, regulatory compliance, and the importance of international collaboration. While the U.S. demonstrates strong regulatory foundations, areas for improvement include enhanced employee training, broader adoption of advanced cybersecurity tools, and greater cross-border coordination. The study concludes by recommending multi-factor authentication, AI and blockchain integration, and increased employee awareness initiatives. However, it notes limitations such as the reliance on secondary data and a U.S.-centric focus. Future research should include primary data and quantitative evaluations to better understand the effectiveness of cybersecurity investments. These findings offer practical guidance for policymakers and banking stakeholders aiming to strengthen cyber resilience in an increasingly digital financial environment.

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